====== Knapp Procedure ======
  * Described by Phil Knapp, MD  [[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1310343/|PDF]]
  * Transposition of horizontal rectus muscle upwards to near the insertion of the superior rectus muscle
  * It is used in monocular elevation deficiency
    * most effective when the inferior rectus is not tight
    * can be used as a second procedure after inferior rectus has been recessed
  * Long term stability of the Knapp procedure in monocular elevation deficiency has been studied 
    * [[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC504393/|Link]]
    * [[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC504393/pdf/brjopthal00060-0030.pdf|PDF]]
{{:knapp_wes_bjo.png|}}

{{tag>strabismus_surgery}}