Color Vision Deficiency

Classification

Red-Green Color deficiency

Deutan
- 6% of males
- Defect in M-opsins for medium wavelength sensitive cones
- Deuteranomaly
  - most common
  - a type of anomalous trichomacy
  - abnormal function of green cones
- Deuteranopia
  - A type of dichromacy
  - non-functioning green cones
Protan
- 2% of males
- Defect in L-opsins for long wavelength sensitive cones
- Reduces the sensitivity of red light
- Protanomaly
  - a type of anomalous trichomacy
  - abnormal functioning red cones
- Protanopia
  - A type of dichromacy
  - non-functioning red cones

Blue-Yellow Color deficiency (Tritan)

defect in S-opsins for short wavelength sensitive cones
Tritanomaly
- a type of anomalous trichomacy
- abnormal function of blue cones
- difficulty discerning between blue and green and between yellow and red
Tritanopia
- A type of dichromacy
- non-functioning blue cones
- unable to discern between blue and green, purple and red, yellow and pink

Blue Cone Monochromacy

non-functioning red and green cones
only blue cones function
central vision is significantly affected

Complete Color Deficiency

Achromatopsia (monochromacy)
- no functioning cones
- Central vision usually affected
- accompanied by nystagmus in congenital disease